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Through the examination of some theatre works of the XX century, the representation of
eminent characters is studied, in the ambit of the events which, with the conquest, brought the
independence of the preColombian world to an end. The studied playwriters from Columbus,
Cortés, the Malinche, Moctezuma, Cuautemoc and Atahualpa, with different artistic results,
judge with modern sensibility and each one following his own ideology, the personality of
characters that made or suffered history.
The consideration about America and the American man in the Italian cultural context began with the receipt of the image projected by Christopher Columbus after the Discovery. The story of an earthly paradise gave way to controversy about the effectiveness of Spanish power structure in the New World, especially from Ramusio considerations and arguments of Bartolomé de las Casas. During the Eighteenth Century, in the context of the controversy about the New World appears Italians intellectuals that recovered the projection of the "America felix". The Jesuit Muratori published in 1743 Il cristianesimo nelle Missioni dei felice della Compagnia di Gesù padri nel Paraguay, where he gets the praise of nature and the idyllic life of the ' barbari' in communities Jesuits of Paraguay. In front of criticism of Voltaire or Robertson, intellectual...
